Values of exfoliated cell smear, DNA ploidy analysis, cell block and their combined detection in diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To study the values of exfoliated cell smear, DNA ploidy analysis, cell block and their combined detection in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion, and to provide the evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant pleural effusion Methods: A total of 300 cases of pleural effusion specimens were analyzed by DNA ploidy analysis to judge the benign and malignant pleural effusion; the centrifuged cell pellet was used for smear, the cell block was made, and the source of malignant pleural effusion was judged by immunohistochemistry method The sensitivities and specificities of three methods and their combined detection in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion were compared Results: The sensitivities of exfoliated cell smears, DNA ploidy analysis and cell block in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion were 83. 13%, 84. 44%, and 79. 52%, respectively; the specificities were 82. 95%, 86. 64%, and 83. 87%, respectively; the sensitivity of parallel test in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion was 98. 79%; the specificity of serial test in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion was 99. 54%. Conclusion: The combined detection of three methods can significantly improve the clinical diagnotic effect of malignant pleural effusion compared with single detection of three methods.

Application of sputum cell DNA ploidy quantitative analysis technique in early non-invasive screening of lung cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective@#To investigate the application value of sputum cell DNA ploidy quantitative analysis technique in early non-invasive screening of lung cancer.@*Methods@#The clinical data of 84 patients with lung cancer (lung cancer group) and 84 patients with benign lung disease (lung benign disease group) who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from April 2016 to May 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and 80 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. The sputum samples of all subjects were collected, and 55 corresponding lavage fluid samples in the lung cancer group were also collected. A fully automated cell tumor screening analysis system was used to make DNA ploidy quantitative analysis in all specimens, and the results were compared with sputum smear and liquid-based thin-layer cytology results.@*Results@#The positive detection rates of routine smear, liquid-based thin-layer cytology and DNA ploidy quantitative analysis in lung cancer group were 4.76% (4/84), 29.76% (25/84) and 45.24% (38/84). The positive detection rate of liquid-based thin-layer cytology and DNA ploidy quantitative analysis was higher than that of routine smear, and the differences were statistically significant (χ 2 = 18.38, P < 0.01; χ2 = 36.70, P < 0.01); the positive detection rate of DNA ploidy quantitative analysis was higher than that of liquid-based thin-layer cytology, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 4.29, P = 0.038). The positive detection rate of DNA ploidy quantitative analysis in lavage fluid samples was higher than that in sputum samples [65.45% (36/55) vs. 50.91% (28/55)], but the difference was not statistically significant (χ 2 = 2.39, P = 0.122). For peripheral lung cancer patients, the positive detection rate of DNA ploidy quantitative analysis was higher than that of liquid-based thin-layer cytology (χ 2 = 4.55, P = 0.033). The positive detection rate of squamous cell carcinoma [52.17% (24/46)] by using DNA ploidy quantitative analysis was higher than that of adenocarcinoma [36.36% (8/22)], small cell carcinoma [26.36% (4/11)] and adenosquamous carcinoma [40.00% (2/5)], but the differences were not statistically significant (all P > 0.05).@*Conclusions@#DNA ploidy quantitative analysis technique of sputum cells can directly reflect the malignant transformation of early lung cancer patients compared with traditional smear method and liquid-based thin-layer technology. Its positive detection rate is higher than that of the conventional detection method, which can be used as a valuable reference index for early screening of lung cancer.

Application of sputum cell DNA ploidy quantitative analysis technique in early non-invasive screening of lung cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To investigate the application value of sputum cell DNA ploidy quantitative analysis technique in early non-invasive screening of lung cancer. Methods The clinical data of 84 patients with lung cancer (lung cancer group) and 84 patients with benign lung disease (lung benign disease group) who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from April 2016 to May 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and 80 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. The sputum samples of all subjects were collected, and 55 corresponding lavage fluid samples in the lung cancer group were also collected. A fully automated cell tumor screening analysis system was used to make DNA ploidy quantitative analysis in all specimens, and the results were compared with sputum smear and liquid-based thin-layer cytology results. Results The positive detection rates of routine smear, liquid-based thin-layer cytology and DNA ploidy quantitative analysis in lung cancer group were 4.76％ (4/84), 29.76％ (25/84) and 45.24％ (38/84). The positive detection rate of liquid-based thin-layer cytology and DNA ploidy quantitative analysis was higher than that of routine smear, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2= 18.38, P<0.01;χ2=36.70, P<0.01);the positive detection rate of DNA ploidy quantitative analysis was higher than that of liquid-based thin-layer cytology, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2= 4.29, P= 0.038). The positive detection rate of DNA ploidy quantitative analysis in lavage fluid samples was higher than that in sputum samples [65.45％(36/55) vs. 50.91％ (28/55)], but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=2.39, P= 0.122). For peripheral lung cancer patients, the positive detection rate of DNA ploidy quantitative analysis was higher than that of liquid-based thin-layer cytology (χ2=4.55, P=0.033). The positive detection rate of squamous cell carcinoma [52.17％ (24/46)] by using DNA ploidy quantitative analysis was higher than that of adenocarcinoma [36.36％ (8/22)], small cell carcinoma [26.36％ (4/11)] and adenosquamous carcinoma [40.00％ (2/5)], but the differences were not statistically significant (all P> 0.05). Conclusions DNA ploidy quantitative analysis technique of sputum cells can directly reflect the malignant transformation of early lung cancer patients compared with traditional smear method and liquid-based thin-layer technology. Its positive detection rate is higher than that of the conventional detection method, which can be used as a valuable reference index for early screening of lung cancer.

Study on immunocytochemistry p16/Ki-67 double staining combined with DNA ploidy analysis for analyzing and predicting cervical high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of DNA ploidy analysis combined with immunocytochemistry p16/ki-67 double staining in cervical high grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia(HSIL) and cervical squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).Methods A total of 73 cases of cytological tests were randomly collected.Among them,53 cases were small DNA ploidy abnormal cells and 20 cases were DNA ploidy negative.The p16/Ki-67 results were detected by immunocytochemistry double staining.With the pathological results as the golden standard,the diagnostic values of DNA ploidy analysis and DNA ploidy analysis combined with p16/Ki-67 double staining in HSIL + was contrastively analyzed by pathologic results.Results Among 20 samples of DNA ploidy negative,the p16/Ki-67 double staining results all were negative.The positive predictive value of DNA ploidy analysis for HSIL + was 34.62％.The sensitivity of DNA ploidy analysis combined with p16/Ki-67 double staining for HSIL + was 84.62％,and its specificity was 92.31％,the positive predictive value was 78.57％ and the negative predictive value was 94.74％,which were significantly higher than those of DNA ploidy analysis(P＜0.05).Conclusion p16/Ki-67 double staining can significantly im prove the prediction value of HSIL.The DNA ploidy analysis combined with p16/Ki-67 double staining is an effective method for predicting HSIL +,which is suitable for the implementation in the areas with lack of medical resources.

Application of DNA ploidy analysis in diagnosis of serous cavity effusion / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To explore the application value of automated cell DNA ploidy analysis system in the diagnosis of benign and malignant serous cavity effusion.Methods 262 cases of serous cavity effusion(169 cases of pleural effusion,78 cases of ascites,15 cases of pericardial effusion)were treated by centrifugation,2 slices of each sample were made.One of them used for dyeing Feulgen,which given automatic cell DNA ploidy analysis,another one for Papanicolaou staining,with a conventional cytology.The positive detection rate of these 2 kinds of different detection methods for malignant serous cavity effusion were compared.Results 119 cases(45.4％)of 262 cases abnormal were detected by conventional cytology of serous cavity effusion.Meanwhile,113 cases (43.1 ％)were detected abnormal by DNA ploidy analysis in the same samples.73 cases of tumor cells and suspicious tumor cells were found by conventional cytology,and different ploidy cells were found in all of these samples In conventional cells,46 cases of nuclear heterogeneous cells were found,while only 34 cases exist different ploidy cells.Conclusion Automated cell DNA ploidy analysis system is helpful to improve the positive diagnosis rate of serous cavity effusion,which can be used as an important auxiliary means of cytology.

Effect of amifostine on proliferation and differentiation of human megakaryocyte Dami cells / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of amifostine(Amf)on the differentiation of human megakaryocyte cell line-Dami. METHODS Dami cells were treated with Amf 0.01-5.0 mmol · L-1 for 12 d. Dami cells were counted every day for the growth curve:only cells with a diameter>20μm. The platelet demarcation membrane system was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expression of CD33,CD34,CD41a and DNA ploidy was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS Amf 0.1-1.0 mmol · L-1 promoted the differentiation of Dami cells ,but inhibited their proliferation at a concentration>1.0 mmol · L-1. When these cells were treated with Amf 1.0 mmol · L-1 for 12 d,the platelet demarcation membrane system was observed,the percentage of cells with a diameter >20 μm was increased by 24.6%(P1.0 mmol·L-1).

Application of DNA-image cytometry in the diagnose of urothelial cell carcinomas / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the value of DNA-image cyt-ometry (DNA-ICM) in the diagnosis of urothelial cell carcinomas (UCC). Methods Totally 162 voided urine specimens (92 cases from urothel-ial car-cinomas patients and 70 cases from benign urinary system diseases patients ) were detected with DNA-ICM and liquid-based cytology (LBC), respectively. Results The sensitivity and specificity of DNA-ICM were 65.2%and 100% respectively in the diagnosis of UCC but those of LBC were 27.2% and 98.6%, respectively. The sensitivity of DNA-ICM was significantly higher than that of LBC in the diagnosis of UCC (P 0.01). Conclusion DNA-ICM, which improves the positive rate of urinary cytology, has great application value in the diagnosis of urothelial cell carcinomas and it is an effective screening method for urothelial cancer in diag-nosis and follow-up.

Study on micromegakaryocytes of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome by flow cytometry / 重庆医学

Objective To setup a measurement of human bone marrow micromegakaryocyte which based on CD41a and PI double‐labeled flow cytometric analysis ,and study the significance in the diagnosis of MDS .Methods In 42 cases of MDS patients , their bone marrow megakaryocytes were obtained by Percoll density gradient separation medium .The megakaryocyte glycoproteinⅡb/Ⅲa(CD41a)were marked with fluorescein isothiocyanate through its corresponding monoclonal antibody ,and their DNA were marked with PI .Then the megakaryocyte ploidy was analyzed by flow cytometry(FCM ) .Results The method for micromegakaryo‐cyte identification and analysis was established .In 42 patients with MDS ,the detection rate of micromegakaryocyte was 90 .5 per‐cent by FCM analysis ,but only 54 .8 percent by Wright‐Giemsa staining test and 64 .3 percent by immunohistochemistry ,the differ‐ence among them was statistically significant(χ2 = 13 .640 ,P= 0 .001) .The 42 patients with MDS were divided into two groups (low‐risk group and high‐risk group) .The detection rates of micromegakaryocyte were 81 .8 percent in low‐risk group and 100 per‐cent in high‐risk group separately by FCM analysis ,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =4 .019 ,P=0 .045) .Conclusion The detection rate of micromegakaryocyte by FCM with CD41a and PI double marker is higher than that by cytochemical staining . The detection rate of micromegakaryocyte in the high‐risk group is higher than that of the low‐risk group ,which shows that the de‐tection of micromegakaryocyte is of great significance for MDS prognosis assessment .

The study of prognosis value of AFP and DNA ploidy detection in primary hepatic carcinoma / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between the serum level of AFP ,types of DNA ploidy and 5 year survival rate ,survival time in patients with primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) in Boluo area in Huizhou City ,and evaluate the prognosis val‐ue of these indexes in PHC .Methods 80 cases with PHC were enrolled in observation group and divided into grade I ,II ,III and IV according to pathological grading .Other 80 cases of healthy individuals ,conducted physical examination ,were enrolled in control group .Peripheral venous blood samples (2 mL) were collected from all subjects .The serum level of AFP and types of DNA ploidy were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) and flow cytometry ,respectively .Results The serum levels of AFP were significantly higher in patients in different pathological grade groups compared to that in the control group (P<0 .05) .In addition ,accompany increase of pathological grade ,the levels of AFP in patients with PHC were increased .The increased level of AFP ,difference of DNA ploid types and pathological grade of PHC contributed great influences on the 5 year survival rate and sur‐vival time of patients .Conclusion The serum level of AFP and the DNA heteroploid rate may play important roles in the early di‐agnosis and assessing prognosis of patients with PHC in Boluo area in Huizhou City .

Meta Analysis of FCM DNA Ploidy in Distinguishing Benign Tumor from Malignant Ones / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To evaluate the application value of DNA ploidy detection using flow cytometry method(FCM)in malignant tumor identifi?cation,so as to provide the theoretical basis for the clinical diagnosis of malignant tumors. Methods Two researchers finished the literature screen?ing independently,and all the literatures were given the secondary screening according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The included literature data was analyzed by Meta?DiSc 1.4,including heterogeneity test,sensitivity,specificity,diagnostic odds ratio(DOR)and summary receiver operat?ing characteristic(SROC)etc. Results Totally 12 literatures were included in the study finally,including a total of 1 340 subjects consisting of 516 cases with malignant tumor and 824 cases with benign tumor. Heterogeneity inspection results showed that the Spearman correlation coefficient of sensitivity logarithm and(1-specificity)logarithm was-0.343 and there was no threshold effect(P=0.275). DOR curves was Cochran?Q=26.49 (P=0.005 5),indicating the heterogeneity was caused by non threshold effects. Combined statistical quantity was calculated with a random effects model and the results were as followings:the sensitivity was 0.72(95%CI:0.68?0.76,I2=50.1%)and the specificity 0.84(95%CI:0.81?0.86,I2=65.5%). SROC curve drawing,DNA ploidy detection of benign and malignant tumors showed AUC=0.845 3 and Q*=0.776 8. Conclusion FCM DNA heteroploid has a high accuracy for diagnosis of malignant tumor,which can be an important supporting means for the discrimination between benign and malignant tumor.

In vitro regeneration and ploidy level analysis of Eulophia ochreata Lindl.

Various parameters including explant-type, medium compositions, use of phytohormones and additives were optimized for direct and indirect regeneration of E. ochreata, a medicinal orchid under threat. Protocorm-like-bodies (PLBs) proved to be the best explants for shoot initiation, proliferation and callus induction. Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium containing 2.5 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 1.0 mg L-1 kinetin (Kin) and additives (adenine sulfate, arginine, citric acid, 30 mg L-1 each and 50 mg L-1 ascorbic acid) was optimal for shoot multiplication (12.1 shoots and 7.1 PLBs per explant with synchronized growth), which also produced callus. Shoot number was further increased with three successive subcultures on same media and ~40 shoots per explant were achieved after 3 cycles of 30 days each. Additives and casein hydrolysate (CH) showed advantageous effects on indirect shoot regeneration via protocorm-derived callus. Optimum indirect regeneration was achieved on MS containing additives, 500 mg L-1 CH, 2.5 mg L-1 BAP and 1.0 mg L-1 Kin with 30 PLBs and 6 shoots per callus mass (~5 mm size). The shoots were rooted (70% frequency) on one by fourth-MS medium containing 2.0 mg L-1 indole-3-butyric acid, 200 mg L-1 activated charcoal and additives. The rooted plantlets were hardened and transferred to greenhouse with 63% survival rate. Flow-cytometry based DNA content analysis revealed that the ploidy levels were maintained in in vitro regenerated plants. This is the first report for in vitro plant regeneration in E. ochreata.

Avaliação citogenética molecular de células do líquido pleural de pacientes com derrame pleural maligno / Molecular cytogenetic evaluation of pleural fluid cells in patients with malignant pleural effusion

Introdução O diagnóstico de derrame pleural maligno (DPM) se baseia no achado de células tumorais no líquido ou no tecido pleural. Resultados falsos positivos ou falsos negativos influenciam na escolha da melhor conduta terapêutica a ser tomada, além de alterar substancialmente o prognóstico desses pacientes. A sensibilidade do exame citológico é geralmente inferior a 70%, motivo pelo qual, métodos complementares são frequentemente associados. Fatores como tipo histológico, sítio primário e grau de invasibilidade do tumor são os principais responsáveis por esta variação. Dentre os exames complementares propostos, destacam-se a dosagem de marcadores tumorais no líquido pleural (LP), as técnicas citoquímicas, imunocitoquímicas e de marcadores de proliferação celular em células do LP, a análise da ploidia de DNA por citometria de fluxo (CF) ou estática (CE) e, mais recentemente, as técnicas de citogenética e de biologia molecular, como a técnica de hibridação in situ por fluorescência (FISH) e a técnica de amplificação multiplex por sondas ligação - dependentes (MLPA) estas, capazes de detectar alterações em regiões gênicas consideradas "alvo" para o desfecho neoplásico. Objetivos 1) Padronizar as técnicas de DNA ploidia, FISH e MLPA em amostras frescas de líquido pleural; 2) Testar a eficiência diagnóstica dos métodos da DNA ploidia e da FISH no diagnóstico de derrame pleural maligno e 3) Avaliar alterações no número de cópias no gene EGFR em metástases pleurais utilizando a técnica de MLPA. Métodos Foram incluídos 200 pacientes adultos portadores de derrame pleural (DP) com indicação de toracocentese. O diagnóstico histológico foi o padrão ouro para malignidade. Características clínicas, radiológicas, histológicas e de seguimento clínico foram considerados para a exclusão de malignidade, de maneira que 130 casos foram classificados como malignos e 70 como benignos. As 200 amostras de LP foram submetidas ao exame citológico e à FISH utilizando sondas...

Introduction The diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is based on the finding of tumor cells in the pleural fluid or tissue. False positive or false negative results influence the choice of the best therapeutic approach to be used with these patients and substantially change their prognosis. The sensitivity of the cytology is generally lesser than 70%, for which complementary methods are often associated. Factors such as tumor histological type, staging, primary site and potential of invasiveness are responsible for this variation. Among the proposed ancillary tests, we highlight the dosage of tumor markers in pleural fluid (PF), the cytochemical and immunocytochemical techniques, including markers of cell proliferation, DNA ploidy analysis by flow cytometry (FC) or static cytometry (EC) and more recently, the cytogenetics and molecular techniques, as the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and the multiplex ligation - dependent probe amplification (MLPA), capable of detecting changes in gene regions considered "target" for the neoplastic outcome. Objectives 1) To standardize the techniques of DNA ploidy, FISH and MLPA in fresh samples of pleural fluid; 2) To test the diagnosis efficiency of DNA ploidy and FISH in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion and 3) To evaluate changes in the copy number of the EGFR gene by using the MLPA technique in cases of pleural metastases. Methods We included 200 adult patients with pleural effusion and clinical indication for thoracentesis. The histological diagnosis was considered the gold standard for malignancy. Clinical follow-up, radiological and histological characteristics were considered for exclusion of malignancy, which ranked de cases as 130 malignant effusions and 70 as benign ones. All cases were submitted to cytology and FISH using centromeric probes for the chromosomes 11 and 17. Analysis of DNA ploidy by FC was performed in 45 cases and the MLPA for epidermal...

A comparative study of liquid based cytology examination and DNA quantitative analysis in 879 women / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To compare the application and clinical significance of the liquid based cytology examination and the DNA quantitative analysis in female cervical lesions.Methods The cervical cell samples were collected from 879 women participating in the comparison by the cervical brush and performed the the liquid-based thin layer section preparation for conducting Papanicolaou staining and DNA staining respectively.The liquid based cytology examination was performed on the Papanicolaou staining section and the fully automatic scanning diagnosis was performed on the DNA staining section.Results The cases of above atypical squa-mous cells of undetermined significance(ASCUS)detected by the liquid based cytology examination and the partial cases of hetero-ploid cell detected by the fully automated DNA ploidy analysis system were recommended to further perform colposcopy and cervi-cal biopsy.28 women were performed the pathological biopsy.With the cytological examination result as the standard,the detection rate of above ASCUS cervical lesions detected by the cellular DNA quantitative analysis was calculated.Conclusion The combined application of the cellular DNA quantitative analysis method and the liquid based cytology examination can obviously increase the positive detection rate of cervical cancer and precancerous lesion,which has important significance for the prevention and treatment of female cervical cancer in our country.

The significance of DNA ploidy analysis in cervical carcinoma screening for outpatients / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To investigate the value of DNA ploidy analysis in cervical cancer screening for outpatients.Methods 840 from 2 692 outpatients examed by Thin Prep cytology,DNA ploidy analysis were performed directed biopsy simultaneously.Sample were taken by cervix brush and transported into a fixative solution.Two slides were made from each sample for staining with Feulgen DNA specific staining and the other with Pap stained,respectively.The routine cytological diagnosis of Pap smear was done by cytology physicians,and the Feulgen staining tablets by the automated DNA ploidy analysis system.Results Among 840 cases,554 cases (66.0 ％) were histological diagnosed as chronic cervicitis,25 cases (3.0 ％) as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) Ⅰ,59 cases (7.0 ％) as CIN Ⅱ,100 cases (11.9 ％) as CINⅢ and 102 cases (12.1％) as cervical invasive cancer by pathological biopsy.486 cases were observed with DNA heteroploid and 354 were not.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive values and negative predictive values of scanning CIN Ⅱ or more severe cervical diseases by DNA heteroploid positive or heteroploid ≥3 for were 91.9 ％ or 89.2 ％,58.5 ％ or 35.8 ％,49.4 ％ or 57.3 ％,94.1％ or 77.2 ％,respectively,while those of scanning equal or more than LSIS andthe above diseases by Thin Prep cytology were 40.2 ％,90.0 ％,39.6 ％ and 76.9 ％.Conclusion DNA ploidy analysis might be a useful tool for cervical cancer screening and has a competitive sensitivity compared with conventional cytology.

The applicatton value of DNA ploidy analysis in the diagnosis of pleural effusion / 中国医师进修杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical value ofDNA ploidy analysis in the diagnosis of benign and malignant pleural effusion.MethodsDNA ploidy in 24 benign pleural effusion and 39 malignant pleural effusion were detected by flow cytometry (FCM) and compared with the results of cytologic detection at the same time.ResultsThe positive rates of FCM detection in benign and malignant pleural effusion were 8.33％(2/24) and 64.10％ (25/39),there was significant difference (P＜0.05).The positive rates of cytologic detection in benign and malignant pleural effusion were 4.17％( 1/24 ) and 53.85％( 21/39),there was significant difference (P＜0.05).The sensitivity of FCM and cytologic detection in malignant pleural effusion was 64.10％ (25/39) and 53.85％ (21/39),the specificity of two methods was 91.67％ (22/24) and 95.83％ (23/24.),the results of two methods showed no significant differences (P ＞0.05).ConclusionDNA ploidy analysis by FCM has important clinical value in the diagnosis of benign and malignant pleural effusion.

Analysis and clinical significance of DNA ploidy, S-phase fraction and proliferating index in colorectal carcinoma / 中国医师进修杂志

ObjectiveTo study the changes and clinical significance of DNA ploidy,S-phase fraction(SPF),proliferating index(PI) in colorectal carcinoma.MethodsIn 40 cases of colorectal carcinoma (colorectal carcinoma group ),40 cases corresponding cancer-adjacent tissue (cancer-adjacent tissue group ),12 cases of precancerous lesions (precancerous lesions group) and 10 cases of normal colorectal mucosa coli (normal colorectal mucosa coli group),DNA ploidy,SPF and PI were detected with flow cytometry and compared.ResultsDNA diploid was 7 cases,DNA heteroploid was 33 cases in colorectal carcinoma group,35,5 cases in cancer-adjacent tissue group,10,2 cases in precancerous lesions group,10,0 case innormal colorectal mucosa coli group,there were significant differences among them(P＜ 0.01 ).SPF and PI in colorectal carcinoma group (35.36 ± 7.45,42.92 ± 6.81 ) were significantly higher than those in cancer-adjacent tissue group (20.82 ±5.51,31.34 ±4.88),precancerous lesions group (21.13 ± 5.07,31.70 ±5.59) and normal colorectal mucosa coli group ( 19.93 ± 3.73,32.01 ± 4.99),there were significant differences among them(P＜ 0.01 ).DNA ploidy was significantly correlated with Dukes staging (P=0.027) and the differentiation of colorectal carcinoma (P =0.030).ConclusionsDNA ploidy,SPF,PI may get some molecular biologycharacteristic and proliferation activity of colorectal carcinoma at molecule level,which may be helpful for treatment and evaluation of prognosis of colorectal carcinoma.

Fas receptor (CD95) & Fas ligand (CD178) expression in patients with tobacco-related intraoral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background & objectives: Fas receptor and Fas Ligand (FasL) system has been implicated in the resistance to apoptosis, insensitivity to chemotherapy and in providing immune privileged status to most of the tumours. However, no reports are available on Fas and FasL expression in patients with tobacco-related oral carcinoma. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to observe Fas and FasL expression and their correlation with clinicopathological features as well as cell cycle parameters. Methods: Immunohistochemistry for Fas, FasL and DNA flow cytometry for cell cycle parameters was successfully done on 41 paraffin embedded tumour and 10 normal samples. The results were evaluated for possible association of Fas and FasL with clinicopathological features and cell cycle parameters. Results: Weak Fas expression was observed on the cell membrane only in 2 of 41 (5%) oral tumours while FasL immunoreactivity was seen in 26 of 41 (63.4%) tumours. In contrast, all ten normal oral tissues exhibited strong cytoplasmic and membrane Fas receptor immunoreactivity but absence of FasL staining. Older patients, greater tumour size and lymph node positivity were found to be associated with high expression of FasL. Significantly higher (P<0.01) expression of FasL was observed in oral tumours with aggressive DNA pattern like aneuploidy and high S-phase fraction. Interpretation & conclusions: Downregulation of Fas receptor and up-regulation of Fas ligand appear to be an important feature of tobacco-related intraoral carcinoma. Association of FasL expression with advanced clinical stage and aggressive DNA pattern suggests that the Fas and FasL system may be used as an important prognostic variable in patients with tobacco-related intraoral squamous cell carcinoma.

Correlation of cyclin D1 expression with aggressive DNA pattern in patients with tobacco-related intraoral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background & objectives: Cyclin D1 has been strongly implicated in cell proliferation particularly in the G1/S checkpoint of the cell cycle, and prognoses in human malignancies. We investigated the correlation between cyclin D1 overexpression and clinicopathological features as well as cell cycle parameters to understand its clinical significance in patients with tobacco-related oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: Immunohistochemistry for cyclin D1 and DNA flowcytometry for cell cycle parameters was done on paraffin embedded tumour samples from 45 patients with OSCC Results: Higher expression of cyclin D1 was observed only in 30 (66.6%) of 45 cases that correlated with advanced age (P <0.02), higher tumour stage ((P<0.01), histological differentiation and lymph node metastasis (P <0.01). Analysis of nuclear DNA pattern revealed cyclin D1 immunoreactivity in tumours with aggressive DNA pattern such as aneuploidy ((P<0.05) and higher S phase fraction ((P<0.04). Interpretation & conclusions: Higher expression of cyclin D1 in oral cancer appears to be closely linked to cell proliferation, differentiation and lymph node invasion. Pre-operative evaluation of cyclin D1 in biopsy specimen may be useful in planning the most appropriate treatment strategies in patients with tobacco-related OSCC.

Laboratory indicators for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites / 第二军医大学学报

The differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites is of great significance in clinic; the early diagnosis of malignant ascites is especially difficult. Definite diagnosis is usually based on conventional cytology to find cancer cells in the ascites in clinic, but the rate of missed diagnosis is high, and the negative outcome cannot exclude the presence of tumors. Currently, many new laboratory methods and indicators have been used clinically and have demonstrated primary efficiency in providing evidences for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites. This article reviews the progress in laboratory indicators for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites.

Análise da ploidia celular em adenocarcinoma de próstata localizado tratado pela prostatectomia radical / Cellular ploidy analysis in organ confined prostate adenocarcinoma treated by radical prostatectomy

Metodologia: Tiveram a ploidia celular mensurada por citometria estática digital 61 pacientes com adenocarcinoma de próstata clinicamente localizado e tratados com prostatectomia radical entre janeiro de 1999 e dezembro de 2003. Resultados: Foram identificados 31 pacientes com histogramas diploides e 30 pacientes aneuploides. Não houve associação entre ploidia celular e fatores prognósticos como idade, margem tumoral, volume tumoral, diferenciação celular, escore de Gleason e níveis de PSA. No entanto, quando a regressão logística de Cox foi aplicada para sobrevida livre de doença, a presença de margem comprometida e a ploidia celular foram os únicos fatores prognósticos significantes (p=0,0136 e p=0,0148, respectivamente). Conclusão: Neste estudo com um pequeno número de pacientes, a ploidia celular mensurada através da citometria estática representou um fator prognóstico independente e mais forte que a diferenciação celular para sobrevida livre de doença em pacientes com adenocarcinoma de próstata localizado.